Kimkorng

Understanding Laravel With CRUD Operations

28 JUN, 2024

Laravel is a web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. Every feature has been thoughtfully considered to provide a wonderful developer experience. Laravel official website

Ensure you have PHP and Composer installed in your computer:

Creating Laravel Project

Create a new Laravel project:

shell
composer create-project laravel/laravel crud-app
cd crud-app

Set Up Database Configuration

Configure your database connection in the .env file:

env
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=your_database_name
DB_USERNAME=your_database_username
DB_PASSWORD=your_database_password

Run Sever

You can run your server with following command:

shell
php artisan serve

Your server might running on http://127.0.0.1:8000/.

Generate migration:

Laravel's migrations help manage database schemas.

You may use the make:migration Artisan command to generate a database migration. The new migration will be placed in your /database/migrations directory.

shell
php artisan make:migration create_posts_table

Define the posts table in the migration file yyyy_mm_dd_create_posts_table.php of /database/migrations directory.

php
public function up()
{
    Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->string('title');
        $table->text('content');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Run the migration command to create the posts table:

shell
php artisan migrate

Generating Model Class:

You may use the make:model Artisan command to generate a new model. Models typically live in the app\Models directory.

shell
php artisan make:model Post

You need to specify which model attributes can be mass assigned. Use the $fillable property on the app\Models\Post.php to achieve this.

php

class Post extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $fillable = ['title', 'content'];
}

Creating a Controller

Generate a controller to handle CRUD operations in app/Http/Controllers by using following command:

shell
php artisan make:controller PostController

Implement CRUD methods index, create, store, edit, update, destroy in PostController.php.

php
class PostController extends Controller
{
    public function index(){
        $posts = Post::all();
        return view('posts.index', ['posts' => $posts]);
    }

    public function create(){
        return view('posts.create');
    }

    public function store(Request $req){
        $data = $req->validate([
            'title' => 'required|max:200',
            'content' => 'required'
        ]);
        
        $data['title'] = addslashes($data['title']);
        $data['content'] = addslashes($data['content']);
        
        Post::create($data);

        return redirect(route('posts.index'));
    }

    public function edit(Post $post){
        return view('posts.edit', ['post' => $post]);
    }

    public function update(Post $post, Request $req){
        $data = $req->validate([
            'title' => 'required|max:200',
            'content' => 'required'
        ]);
        
        $data['title'] = addslashes($data['title']);
        $data['content'] = addslashes($data['content']);
        
        $post->update($data);

        return redirect(route('posts.index'));
    }

    public function destroy(Post $post){
        $post->delete();

        return redirect(route('posts.index'));
    }
}

Creating Routes

Define routes for CRUD operations in routes/web.php:

php
use App\Http\Controllers\PostController;

Route::get('/', [PostController::class, 'index']) -> name('post.index');
Route::get('/create', [PostController::class, 'create']) -> name('post.create');
Route::post('/store', [PostController::class, 'store']) -> name('post.store');
Route::get('/post/{post}/edit', [PostController::class, 'edit']) -> name('post.edit');
Route::put('/post/{post}/update', [PostController::class, 'update']) -> name('post.update');
Route::delete('/post/{post}', [PostController::class, 'destroy']) -> name('post.destroy');

Implement Views

Create views for posts in (resources/views/posts/).

plaintext
resources/
└── views/
    └── posts/
        ├── index.blade.php
        ├── create.blade.php
        └── edit.blade.php

Here are ways to display your post data as a list in user interface.

blade
// index.blade.php
@foreach ($posts as $post)
    <h2>{{ $post->title }}</h2>
    <p>{{ $post->content }}</p>
@endforeach

Using Laravel's form handling to create posts:

blade
// create.blade.php
<form action="{{ route('posts.store') }}" method="POST">
    @csrf
    @method('post')
    <input type="text" name="title">
    <textarea name="content"></textarea>
    <button type="submit">Create Post</button>
</form>

And now create a new form for handling update posts:

blade
// edit.blade.php
<form action="{{ route('posts.update') }}" method="POST">
    @csrf
    @method('put')
    <input type="text" name="title" value={{post->title}}>
    <textarea name="content">{{post->content}}</textarea>
    <button type="submit">Update Post</button>
</form>

Thank you for reading!🐧

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